Fraud taxonomy
Written by Luke Taylor
MRC Definitions
Known data-centre traffic
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Bots and spiders or other crawlers
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Activity-based filtration
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Non-browser user-agent headers or other forms of unknown browsers
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Pre-fetch or browser pre-rendered traffic
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Bots and spiders or other crawlers masquerading as legitimate users
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Hijacked devices, user sessions, ad tags and ad creatives
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Hidden/stacked/covered or otherwise intentionally obfuscated ad serving
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Invalid proxy traffic
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Adware + Malware
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Incentivised manipulations of measurements
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Falsified viewable impression decisions
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Falsely represented sites
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Cookie stuffing, recycling or harvesting
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Manipulation or falsification of location data
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Invalid Impressions
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
General and Sophisticated Invalid Traffic
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Fraud Tactics
Cookie stuffing
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Bots
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
App Install Farms
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Click Injection
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Click Spam
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Compliance Fraud
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Sophisticated Bot Driven Installs
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Ad Stacking
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Ad injection
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Auto-refresh
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Domain spoofing
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Pixel Stuffing
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Location Fraud
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
User-Agent Spoofing
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago
Retargeting fraud
Written by Luke Taylor
Updated over a week ago
Updated over a week ago